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1- The first stage is known as the drying stage of green coffee beans. It takes approximately 2.5-3 minutes. At this stage, the green coffee beans gradually transform into yellow, light brown colors. At this stage, the water in the green coffee beans gradually evaporates and the acids in it react and break down due to heating. In this process, the herbal flavor in green beans is removed. Due to color changes, coffee beans can take a “wrinkled” shape.
2- In the 6th minute of roasting, the color continues to get darker as the water contained in the coffee bean continues to heat up gradually. You may even think that the roasting process of some coffee beans is completed during these color changes. However, they are not ready yet, do not remove them from the pan. Because it must pass the vital stage, which we call the “first crack”, which will take place in the next stage. The first crack forms in the coffee bean.
3- In the 9th minute of roasting, coffee beans will start to make sounds like popcorn popping. Fear not, this is a beautiful and vital stage for coffee beans. At this stage, you will see that the coffee beans are getting larger, their colors are more balanced and even, and finally, they start to smell like coffee. If you are roasting to prepare french press coffee or filter coffee, finish the roasting process 1-2 minutes after this step.
If you still don’t have a French Press at home, here are 5 reasons why.
4- In the 13th minute of roasting, flavors begin to develop in the coffee beans due to the residual heat. The biggest contribution to this development is the reaction of sugar, acid, and compounds in the coffee bean. Acids break down, sugars caramelize due to heat.
5- At this stage, which is the 16th minute of roasting, the second crack occurs in the coffee bean due to the gradual increase in temperature. If you are roasting coffee beans to make espresso, roasting for 1-2 more minutes will be enough for you.
If you want to make espresso like a barista at home, you can check out this article.
6- In the 20th minute of roasting, the coffee beans will have a sharp taste. The reason for this is that the oils in the coffee bean rise to the surface and oxidize.